By Shayne C. Gad
ISBN-10: 1420071645
ISBN-13: 9781420071641
Capturing the expansion of the worldwide clinical equipment marketplace in recent times, this sensible new advisor is key for all who're liable for making sure protection within the use and manufacture of scientific units. it's been widely up-to-date to mirror major advances, incorporating mixture items and valuable case examples of present real-life difficulties within the field.
The Third version explores those key present trends:
- global machine markets
- continually advancing technology
- the expanding harmonization of machine defense legislation worldwide
Each point of safeguard review is taken into account by way of foreign criteria association (ISO), US foodstuff and Drug management (FDA), eu Union (EU), and eastern Ministry of overall healthiness and Welfare (MHW) views. furthermore, the ebook displays the function of the continued progress of know-how within the incorporation of technology, quite within the parts of immunotoxicology and toxicokinetics.
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Extra resources for Safety Evaluation in the Development of Medical Devices and Combination Products
Sample text
Formulation additives. • Inadvertent contaminants. • Bacterial endotoxins. Road Map to Test Selections 29 Polyglycolic acid, used in suture production, is virtually destroyed by irradiation. Most medical polymers decrease in molecular weight as a result of chain scission. Polypropylene and other polymers may undergo chain scission, cross-linking and oxidation. Any material that is irradiation sterilized should be tested for biocompatibility afterward, although most medical polymers remain useful.
Gold, palladium, and platinum, for example, are plated onto the surface of stents to provide radiopacity for placement and monitoring. Silver is used as an antimicrobial. Unlike stainless steel, not all of these metals are biological inert. 7. Polymers Polymers are macromolecules formed by the chemical bonding of five or more identical units called monomers. In most cases the number of monomers is quite large (3500 for pure cellulose), and often is not precisely known. , by shortstopping agents.
Mold release agents facilitate the release of a molded part from the mold. Colorants add color and beauty. Antistatic agents prevent electrostatic buildup. Preservatives protect against microbial degradation. Flame retardants slow the release of toxic fumes during extreme conditions of heat or flame. Coatings impart a variety of properties to fabric, such as resistance to mildew or absorbency. Any of these additives may contribute to nonbiocompatibility. To complicate the picture, because the medical device industry uses only a small fraction of the total volume of industrial plastics, few device manufacturers are in a position to specify the exact formulation of the material they will use.
Safety Evaluation in the Development of Medical Devices and Combination Products by Shayne C. Gad
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