Read e-book online Evolution of Wild Emmer and Wheat Improvement: Population PDF

By Professor Eviatar Nevo, Professor Abraham B. Korol, Dr. Avigdor Beiles, Dr. Tzion Fahima (auth.)

ISBN-10: 3642075126

ISBN-13: 9783642075124

ISBN-10: 3662071401

ISBN-13: 9783662071403

This ebook is set the contribution to evolutionary conception and agricultural expertise of 1 of humankind's so much dramatic imitations of the evolu­ tionary procedure, particularly crop domestication, as exemplified through the progenitor of wheat, Triticum dicoccoides. This species is an incredible version organism and it's been studied on the Institute of Evolution, college of Haifa, on the grounds that 1979. The domestication via people of untamed crops to cultivated ones over the last ten millennia is likely one of the top demonstrations of evolution. it's a procedure that has been condensed in time and complicated via man made instead of average choice. Plant and animal domestication revolutionized human cultural evolution and is the key issue underlying human civilization. A post-Pleistocene worldwide upward push in temperature following the ice age, i.e., climatic-environmental components, could have precipitated the growth of econom­ ically very important thermophilous crops and in flip promoted advanced forag­ ing and plant cultivation. The shift from foraging to regular construction resulted in an incipient agriculture various in time in numerous a part of the area. within the Levant, agriculture built out of a radical really expert exploitation of crops and animals. Natufian sedentism, via speedy inhabitants progress and source rigidity, brought on through the increasing wasteland, coupled with to be had grinding expertise, could have prompted plant domestication.

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Read or Download Evolution of Wild Emmer and Wheat Improvement: Population Genetics, Genetic Resources, and Genome Organization of Wheat’s Progenitor, Triticum dicoccoides PDF

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Extra resources for Evolution of Wild Emmer and Wheat Improvement: Population Genetics, Genetic Resources, and Genome Organization of Wheat’s Progenitor, Triticum dicoccoides

Example text

Dicoccum wheats is determined by more than one major gene (Miller 1992). Wild and cultivated forms also differ in kernel morphology (Van Zeist 1976). In the cultivars, the grain is wider, thicker, and rounder in cross-section than in T. dicoccoides (Fig. 1). This trait can distinguish the wild type from the cultivars and at archaeological sites helps to determine the start of domestication (Zohary and Hopf 1993). Likewise, important unique chromosomal translocations (Kawahara et al. 1993; Nishikawa et al.

Right c and f discriminate between populations growing on three soil types: 1 terra rossa. 2 rendzina, and 3 basalt, ,.. group centroid. , between neighbors), starting from the first distant group in the transect. Migration is expected to cause similarity between loci and alleles. This prediction is not realized in our results. By contrast, loci and alleles of wild emmer differ drastically in their autocorrelation pattern between loci. In addition, positive auto correlations emerge at intermediate and distant groups, thus negating migration as an important evolutionary factor (Table 6 in Nevo and Beiles 1989).

1 and Fig. 2). Wild emmer wheat is an annual, predominantly self-pollinated, tetraploid wheat with large and brittle ears and big elongated grains (Figs. 3), similar to cultivated emmer and durum wheat. It is the only wild ancestor in the genus Triticum that is cross-compatible and fully interfertile with cultivated T. turgidum wheats. Hybrids between wild T. dicoccoides and all cultivated members of the T. turgidum complex show normal chromosome pairing in meiosis, indicating that all these tetraploid wheats contain homologous chromosomes of the AABB genomic constitution.

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Evolution of Wild Emmer and Wheat Improvement: Population Genetics, Genetic Resources, and Genome Organization of Wheat’s Progenitor, Triticum dicoccoides by Professor Eviatar Nevo, Professor Abraham B. Korol, Dr. Avigdor Beiles, Dr. Tzion Fahima (auth.)


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