By R. Edward Hendrick
ISBN-10: 0387735062
ISBN-13: 9780387735061
Discussing the most up-tp-date and pioneering suggestions in breast reconstruction with out using implants, THE ARTISTRY OF BREAST RECONSTRUCTION WITH AUTOLOGOUS TISSE is the amount each breast health care provider has been expecting. Focusing not just on the best way to reconstruct breasts following mastectomy but additionally on tips on how to in attaining the top measure of aesthetic luck attainable, this quantity describes intimately Dr. Kroll's innovations in utilizing autologous tissue. Over 500 pictures and customized illustrations exhibit and evaluate the diverse options utilized in breast reconstruction with autologous tissue similar to traditional (pedicled) TRAM flaps, unfastened TRAM flaps, the prolonged latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap, the Rubens fats pad unfastened flap, between others. additionally contain are chapters on instant and not on time reconstructions, shaping the breast mound, nipple and areolar reconstruction and selection of strategy, follow-up and sufferer choice. Dr. Kroll's method of reconstructive breast surgical procedure both encompasses paintings and technology and either are totally represented in this quantity.
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Extra resources for Breast MRI Fundamentals and Technical Aspects
Example text
7B). The y-direction would then be vertical, in the anterior-to-posterior direction relative to the patient. 7C). In slice selection, the thickness of the excited slice depends on two factors: the strength of the applied magnetic gradient and the bandwidth of the RF pulse sent into the patient. 8). In 2D imaging, slices typically have a thickness between 1 and 10 mm. In 3D imaging, instead of exciting a narrow slice of tissue, a thicker slab of tissue, typically 15 to 40 cm is excited, which uses a wider bandwidth RF pulse or a weaker magnetic gradient applied as the RF pulse is sent into the patient.
The receiver coil’s signal is proportional to the strength of signal coming collectively from the hydrogen nuclei precessing in the tissue sample. In contrast, MRI measures the signal from excited tissues but goes on to localize the MR signal from each voxel in a tissue sample. Chapter 3 will take us from NMR to MRI. There we discuss how signal is measured in each voxel in the human body. Chapter Take-home Points ● Atomic nuclei with either an odd number of protons or an odd number of neutrons have nuclear magnetic dipole moments.
7B). T2 is shorter in fibroglandular tissues than in pure water, CSF, or cystic fluid because the higher concentration of macromolecules in normal breast tissue slows the motion of water molecules, causing them to experience greater magnetic field non-uniformities and therefore dephase more rapidly. 7C). Therefore, their T1 and T2 values are slightly longer than those of fibroglandular tissues but not nearly as long as CSF or cystic fluids. 7D) tend to have longer T1 values because the exchange of energy between hydrogen nuclei and macromolecules is limited, but shorter T2 values than in A-C because of the large magnetic field inhomogeneities maintained by the lattice structure.
Breast MRI Fundamentals and Technical Aspects by R. Edward Hendrick
by Ronald
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