New PDF release: Ali Khamenei (Modern World Leaders)

By John Murphy

ISBN-10: 0791095177

ISBN-13: 9780791095171

ISBN-10: 1438104626

ISBN-13: 9781438104621

Grand Ayatollah Ali Khamenei used to be born right into a family members of strict piety and average poverty. As a serious-minded non secular pupil, he quickly stuck the attention of the Ayatollah Khomeini. Upon Khomeini's demise, Khamenei used to be named his successor and have become the Grand Ayatollah of Iran. This biography tells his tale.

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Sample text

He rose to power determined to restore Iran’s sovereignty—its control over its own affairs and resources. He was also committed to the idea of modernization. The long years of debt, famine, war, and resource mismanagement under the Qajars had left Iran impoverished and backward. Once the most civilized and advanced empire in the world, it was now a place of drought, ruined fields, crumbling infrastructure, and a technology deficit. It had fallen far behind the Western powers that had raided it for its oil and strategic territories.

As pagans, the Mongols had no respect for Islam and went out of their way to desecrate and destroy holy sites, mosques, and sacred texts. In the various waves of Mongol and Tatar (another central Asian tribe) attacks that occurred between 1217 and 1405, many millions of Iranians were murdered, their bodies mutilated, and their skulls often piled up in towering pyramids. Many others were enslaved. It would take until the mid-twentieth century before Iran’s population returned to the ISLAMIC INVASION pre-Mongol invasion numbers.

33 34 ali khamenei Within a year of Muhammad’s death, the entire Arabian peninsula was converted to Islam. Eight years later, Muhammad and a thousand followers returned to Mecca, seized power, and converted the city to Islam. By the time of his death in 632, Muhammad was no longer a humble desert visionary. He now claimed to be the last of a long line of Old Testament prophets who tried to turn people’s attention to the one true god. He even believed that Jesus, said to be the son of God by Christians, was merely another prophet, like himself.

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