By J. Dausset, F. T. Rapaport (auth.), Professor Dr. Bjarte G. Solheim, Professor Dr. Soldano Ferrone, Professor Dr. Erna Möller (eds.)
ISBN-10: 3642775063
ISBN-13: 9783642775062
ISBN-10: 364277508X
ISBN-13: 9783642775086
With this ebook we· are looking to handle younger graduate scholars, clini cians concerned about transplantation, and technicians in transplantation immunology laboratories. the amount may still provide a finished yet uncomplicated, brand new creation to the constitution, functionality, and medical value of the HLA method. We think that there's a want for this sort of survey, and imagine that the current point of our wisdom is an optimum get together for booklet. an important variety of ques tions have now been resolved, and our wisdom has reached a degree of class that gives the foundation for added questions and solutions. even if the emphasis of this publication is at the function of HLA anti gens in scientific transplantation, their involvement in different scientific contexts can also be mentioned. the focus is at the human MHC an tigenic method, yet MHC platforms in different species are defined as they give a contribution to our figuring out of the structural and useful features of HLA antigens. a few very important matters regarding laboratory thoughts also are coated. The members have a detailed association to the sector of transplan tation immunology. A majority have even been taking part in very important roles in unraveling the HLA approach and its features. We think this has contributed considerably to the standard and scientific and sensible relevance of the publication. As editors, we drew up the vital directions and took care that the chapters should be learn as separate entities, even supposing this continually leads to a few overlapping.
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Additional info for The HLA System in Clinical Transplantation: Basic Concepts and Importance
Example text
Occasionally, the frequency may drop to such a low level that the mutation (allele, allelic branch) may be lost from the population. The loss may occur either at the inception of the species, particularly if the founding populations is relatively small, or at any time afterwards. It is rather remarkable that the analysis of Mhc genes in higher primates has thus far revealed very few instances of a loss of the major allelic branches (Mayer et al. 1988; Lawlor et al. 1988; Gyllensten and Erlich 1988; Fan et al.
A possible genealogical relationship among the alleles of the DRw52 group is depicted in Fig. 8. The tree was constructed using the principle of maximum parsimony (Felsenstein 1988), which means that a pathway was sought for the derivation of the alleles from a common ancestor requiring a minimum of nucleotide substitutions. This task was entrusted to a computer, but the resulting tree was then modified on the basis of additional knowledge the computer did not possess. The nucleotide substitutions that may have occurred during the evolution of the DRw52 group of alleles are indicated on the individual branches.
1990; Klein et al 1990c) and hence have "survived" numerous speciation events suggests that founding of a species by a large population is quite common. Conclusion: The Evolution of the HLA-DRw 52 Genes After discussing a hypothetical example of Mhc diversification, we conclude this chapter with the description of an authentic case. Figures 7 and 8 list a --G 57 58 60 67 69 70 71 72 73 74 77 78 85 86 90 GAT GCC TAC CTC GAG CAG AAG CGG GGC CGG AAC TAC GTT GTG ACA -GT -C- -T- -C-GT T-- --A G-C -GAGC -GT --G -C- -T- -CT-- --A G-C -G-GT -C- -T- -CA-- --A G-C -GAGC -C- GC- -CT-- --A G-C -G-AG -C- GC- -C-AG A-- --A G-C G--C- GC- -CT-- --A G-C G--AG -C- GC- -C-AG T-- --A G-C -G-C- A-- --A G-C -G- --C -C- GC- -C- --T -C-TC -C- T-- --A G-C -G- --C -C- GC- -C- --T -C-TC -C- GC- -CA-- --A G-C G--' -GT -C- GC- -CA-- --A G-C G--C- GA- -C- --T -G- -G-A- -C- --G C--GT -C- GC- -C-A-G-C- TC- -C- --T -GA-- --A G-C -G-A- T-- TT- 34 36 37 38 47 CAG GAG AAC GTG TTC -A--A T--A--A T--A--A --A T--A--A T---A T---A T---A T-CT- C-CT- C-- T-C --A 28 30 32 GAC TAC CAT --G T-T-T-T-T-T-T---G C---G C-- Fig.
The HLA System in Clinical Transplantation: Basic Concepts and Importance by J. Dausset, F. T. Rapaport (auth.), Professor Dr. Bjarte G. Solheim, Professor Dr. Soldano Ferrone, Professor Dr. Erna Möller (eds.)
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