By Zackery M. Heern
ISBN-10: 178074496X
ISBN-13: 9781780744964
This e-book takes a clean examine the rules of contemporary Islam. students frequently find the origins of the fashionable Islamic international in ecu colonialism or Islamic reactions to eu modernity. in spite of the fact that, this learn makes a speciality of the increase of Islamic events indigenous to the center East, which constructed in direct reaction to the cave in and decentralization of the Islamic gunpowder empires. In different phrases, the publication argues that the Usuli move in addition to Wahhabism and neo-Sufism emerged in response to the disintegration and political decentralization of the Safavid, Ottoman, and Mughal empires.
The e-book in particular highlights the emergence of Usuli Shi‘ism within the eighteenth and 19th centuries. The long term effect of the Usuli revival used to be that Shi‘i clerics received unparalleled social, political, and monetary strength in Iran and southern Iraq. Usuli clerics claimed authority to factor binding criminal judgments, which, they argue, has to be saw through all Shi‘is. through the early 19th century, Usulism emerged as a favored, fiercely self reliant, transnational Islamic circulation. The Usuli clerics have usually operated on the middle of social and political advancements in sleek Iraq and Iran and this day dominate the politics of the zone.
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Extra info for The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism: Islamic Reform in Iraq and Iran
Example text
Although contemporary Islamism is not the central theme of this book, any understanding of contemporary Islam is impossible without knowledge of Islamic history. ”38 Only future historians will be able to assess whether the twentieth/ twenty-first century, a millennium later, will also be considered a Shi‘i century. In addition to discussing issues related to sectarianism and nationalism, historians will be tasked with answering the question of how and why Shi‘i clerics reversed a longstanding policy of staying out of politics.
Seeing Iran’s regional reach, Saddam Hussein feared that Iran’s revolution might spread to Iraq’s Shi‘i population. Also hoping to score the oil-rich region of Khuzistan, Saddam Hussein invaded Iran. 37 The war also allowed Saddam to tighten his grip on power and prevent any would-be Iraqi Shi‘i revolutionaries from initiating change in Iraq. However, the 2003 American invasion and overthrow of Saddam Hussein afforded Shi‘is in Iraq an opportunity to gain political power for the first time since the creation of the Iraqi state in the early 38 twentieth century.
Britain and France had won most of the territory in the Middle East and created new states on the basis of their own interests and the perceived realities on the ground. Justifications for national unity often came in the form of ethnic or sectarian identity, which had also been the basis for the creation of national identities in Europe. While calls for unity in Islam often transcended ethnic identity, ethnic nationalism transcended religion. 34 Despite appeals to Islamic solidarity and the panIslamism associated with figures like Jamal al-Din alAfghani (d.
The Emergence of Modern Shi'ism: Islamic Reform in Iraq and Iran by Zackery M. Heern
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