D. Shapere's Reason and the Search for Knowledge: Investigations in the PDF

By D. Shapere

ISBN-10: 9027716412

ISBN-13: 9789027716415

ISBN-10: 9401097313

ISBN-13: 9789401097314

An remarkable attribute of Dudley Shapere's reports within the philosophy of the sciences has been his dogged reasonableness. He types issues out, with logical care and mastery of the fabrics, and with an epistemological interest for the old happenings that's either serious and respectful. technology alterations, and the thinker had greater no longer hyperlink philosophical criteria too tightly to both the newest orthodox or the provocative up­ begin in medical models; and but, as critic, the thinker mustn't ever merely grasp the sciences but in addition explicate their meanings, now not these of a cognitive never-never land. Neither dreamer nor pedant, Professor Shapere has been capable of perform the trendy empiricist's workouts with the sober and stimulat­ ing effects proven during this quantity: he sees that he could be trustworthy to philosoph­ ical research, interact within the boldest 'rational reconstruction' of theories and experimental measurements, and devoted too, empirically devoted we may well say, to either the direct super-highways and the winding pathways of conceptual evolutions and metaphysical revolutions. no longer least, Shapere listens! To Einstein and Calileo in fact, yet to the workings of the engineers and the clinical apprentices too, and to some of the philosophers, now and of previous, who've additionally labored to make feel of what has been discovered and the way that has occurred and the place we'd move wrong.

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Additional info for Reason and the Search for Knowledge: Investigations in the Philosophy of Science

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In the process of learning about nature, science continually revises the language in terms of which it talks about nature, to make that language conform more closely to what we have the best reason to believe nature is like. The traditional doctrine of conceptualism was thus partly right: we do extract our concepts of nature through observation of nature. But we do not simply "abstract" those concepts by perception and reflection thereon. Rather, learning through observation, we gradually forge concepts which reflect what we have found to be the case, or at least believe to be the case on the basis of the best reasons we have available; and then we seek to learn further about nature, and perhaps will be led to further revision of the concepts we have forged, and so on.

1 In this paper, I wish, first, to consider these two views, showing some of the reasons why they are open to severe criticisms, not all of which have yet been made fully clear; and second, to show how, by dropping or modifying some of the fundamental theses of these two views, certain positions highly influential in philosophy today have ansen. I will begin my discussion with a study of one of the most famous and influential articles of what might be called the "Transition Period" of Twentieth Century philosophical analysis - the period, that is, between the Tractatlls and Logical Atomism on the one hand, and the later views of Wittgenstein and the present views of Austin and others on the other.

14) 6 CHAPTER 1 II Underlying Ryle's argument is a theory of the relationship between language and the world which statements are about. This theory is a development, often in the same terminology, of certain views which were for the most part due to Wittgenstein, and which were presented in the Tfactatus and Russell's papers on Logical Atomism. Ryle, however, often gives detail where Wittgenstein gave only bare sketches; he also tries to avoid some of the objections which had been or could be raised against the views of Russell and the Tfactatus.

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Reason and the Search for Knowledge: Investigations in the Philosophy of Science by D. Shapere


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