Download e-book for kindle: First Humans (Humans: An Evolutionary History) by Rebecca Stefoff

By Rebecca Stefoff

ISBN-10: 0761441840

ISBN-13: 9780761441847

This sequence takes readers on a trip throughout the evolutionary heritage of people.

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Additional resources for First Humans (Humans: An Evolutionary History)

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41 From these broken remains scientists have learned that H. habilis had more humanlike teeth than the australopiths or robust hominins. H. 42 It was bipedal. The dark areas represent bones that researchers have found. Scientists have relied on anatomical knowledge—and a pinch of guesswork—to create the light areas. The hands of H. habilis are especially interesting to paleoanthropologists, because they show physical features that might have helped with toolmaking. H. habilis’s hands are a mix of human and apelike characteristics.

A reconstruction of the skull by anthropologist Meave Leakey, Richard Leakey’s wife, gave a brain size of 752 cubic centimeters, more than half the size of an average modern human brain. By the mid-1980s some scientists had decided that skull 1470, together with a single jawbone found separately, represented a new species of early Homo. This new species received the name H. rudolfensis in honor of Lake Rudolf, although by that time the lake’s name had changed to Turkana. Some paleoanthropologists, however, felt that the two fossils did not add up to sufficient evidence for a separate species.

Oakley’s fossil-dating method spelled doom for one of the ancient humans surrounding his desk. 31 FIRST HUMANS In 1948 Oakley applied the fluorine test to the Piltdown material and other fossils from the same area. The Piltdown skull and jaw proved to be much younger than all of the other fossils—probably less than 100,000 years old. Five years later, at a scientific conference in London, some scientists got their first look at the Piltdown Man remains. One of them was an anthropologist named Joseph Weiner, who was teaching at Oxford University in England.

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First Humans (Humans: An Evolutionary History) by Rebecca Stefoff


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