Get Mechanics of Swelling: From Clays to Living Cells and PDF

By J. R. Philip (auth.), Theodoros K. Karalis (eds.)

ISBN-10: 364284619X

ISBN-13: 9783642846199

ISBN-10: 3642846211

ISBN-13: 9783642846212

Provided this is updated and in-depth info on a variety of swelling phenomena happening in dwelling organisms and within the unanimated international. Thebook is prepared in six components, which disguise basics, designated issues, analytical and experimental tools and functions proper to swelling insoils, cells and tissues of vegetation and animals. in particular, it comprises all features of osmotic phenomena resulting in swelling in clays, cells, tissues, gels, blisters, colloidal structures, surfaces and membranes. Forces among surfactant, lipid and protein membranes and in polymeric structures also are considered.

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Extra info for Mechanics of Swelling: From Clays to Living Cells and Tissues

Example text

It is distressing to note that this incomplete theory has recently provided basis for "development" in chemical engineering (Shirato et al. 1986). This paper reviews a general and physically correct approach to onedimensional liquid flow and volume chang~ in a two component (solid/liquid) system which is macroscopic (Phi~ip, 1972, 1991, Raats and Klute, 1968a) in the sense that it is based on well defined and measurable properties which represent averages over a material volume which is great relative to the size of the particle or pore.

Materials. We are exploring this challenge with other Steady Flow Experiments: The theory is also tested if K(1/I) determined from transient experiments corresponds to that measured in steady flow experiments. Kirby and Smiles (1988) performed such a series of experiments with clays defined in Fig. 1. Figure 6 shows K(1/I) obtained in these experiments. They compare most satisfactorily with the data of Fig. 5. Kirby and Smiles (1988) also derived K(1/I) independently by differentiating cumulative outflow data using the method of Smiles and Harvey (1973).

The connexions between anisotropic strain and anisotropic stress arise inter alia in the context of swelling soils in the field. An uncracked swelling soil in the field is constrained to change volume in one dimension only, the vertical. The horizontal dimensions of a field of swelling soil do not change with moisture content, but the elevation of its surface does. As the soil dries and (more or less) vertical cracks open, however, individual monoliths three-dimensionally. between the cracks are free to change the volume Change in the constraints on swelling and shrinking evidently produces a change in the energetics, ahd this is related to the energetics of cracking.

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Mechanics of Swelling: From Clays to Living Cells and Tissues by J. R. Philip (auth.), Theodoros K. Karalis (eds.)


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